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Monday, February 24, 2014

Accommodations for Diverse Learners


1.     Which specific learning accommodations does your cooperating teacher use to assist ELL or special ed students?
a.     I am in an 11th grade honors history class where only one student has a 504 plan due to his physical handicap. Cognitively he is fine, hence why he is in an honors class. She does not have any students who are ELL (English Language Learners) or Special Education students. For the student who has a physical handicap, he is allowed a few extra minutes to arrive to class and to leave the classroom at the end of the period. 

2.     What are a few rigorous, authentic learning experiences used by your teacher to engage diverse students in learning the content?
a.     Since, this is an honors class, cognitively her students are where they should be developmentally. In terms of diversity, the students are different in the ways they learn. Each student has a particular learning style. In order to keep her students engaged, she uses differentiated instruction. She sometimes lets the students work with each other. She uses music and visuals to supplement her lectures. In addition, she had the students create a propaganda poster when they were learning about World War II and the Cold War. This can be considered an authentic learning experience partly because the students had to imagine what the world was like at that time. They felt and had to demonstrate through the poster certain prejudices and stereotypes that existed back then. This is authentic because the content they were learning came to life, and it became real. Upon reflection, the students realized how detrimental and wrong propaganda could be.

3.     What is an authentic learning experience that you plan to use when you teach?
a.     For me, authentic learning experiences need to be hands on where the students are using their senses and cognitive skills to tackle a problem or task. It has to be meaningful and student centered. Bray, Brown and Green suggest using virtual expeditions. This is such a neat idea and it is very interactive. This gives students a chance to experience what it would be like living in different areas around the world, especially when some may never get the chance to travel there. According to Bray, Brown, and Green this is “for the benefit of both those students who are having difficulties with reading and those students who need to supplement the information available to them in the class text” (Bray, Brown, and Green 74). This is authentic learning experience that would fit in well in a social studies classroom. Another thing I would do is a pen pal system. Bray, Brown, and Green call it “key-pals”. In social studies, culture is a constant theme that comes up and it is important the students fully understand the importance of culture. It is true the more we know about something the less ignorant we are about the world around us. Learning about other cultures and about different kinds of people, help break down racial and ethnic barriers. Prejudices and stereotypes are eliminated. Bray, Brown, and Green say this idea is great for ELL students because they “benefit not only from exposure to their own native culture but also from exposure to other cultures” (Bray, Brown, and Green 74). I would use both of these ideas in my classroom because it benefits all of the students not just those who are considered exceptional or diverse.






Tuesday, February 4, 2014

Textbook Analysis

Renita Shiwdarsan
Grade Level: 9th grade
Level of class: Honors
Subject: World History


1. Readability Level (Fry’s Readability Scale): 
Use the Fry Readability Graph  - FOLLOW the directions and take the AVERAGE of the number of syllables, etc. from 100 word sections at the beginning, middle, and end of the book. You should come up with ONE plotted point for the grade level equivalent of the textbook. Post the grade level (e.g., 8.5) on the form and list it here.
  • Page 4 (per 100 words)
    • 7.5 sentences
    • 168 syllables
  • Page 376 (per 100 words)
    • 8.5 sentences
    • 165 syllables
  • Page 745 (per 100 words)
    • 7 sentences
    • 176 syllables
  • Average: 7.7 sentences and 169.7 syllables= College Readability 
2. Level of Questions (Bloom’s Taxonomy):
Check the end of chapter questions in 3 chapters in the textbook (at the beginning, middle, and end). List the categories of questions found most, next, and least... (e.g., the majority of the questions might deal with comprehension, a few with application and analysis, and none related to synthesis or evaluation).

Within each chapter, there are sections. Each section has a set of review questions. The end of the chapter has a full chapter review. For the three chapters (Ch. 1, 17, 34) the questions are the same for the most part. The section review questions ask to identify, define, describe, evaluate, analyze, and apply. These kinds of questions incorporate a wide range of questions. They all have to do with comprehension and then they move beyond that by asking questions with application and analysis. You cannot apply, analyze, or synthesize content without fully comprehending the information. The questions build on one another. The full reviews at the end of the chapter reviews vocabulary, main ideas, main themes, critical thinking questions, and lastly applying your skills. The different kinds of questions help the student fully comprehend and apply the information. It is not just asking to memorize a particular name, date, or thing. The questions help the reader fully digest the material and then apply their knowledge.

3. Bias (text, images, content coverage):
List or make a notation regarding any bias you find in the textbook... the bias could be in the pictures/images displayed, the examples given, the coverage (or lack of coverage) of events, ideological orientation, etc.

I actually did not really notice any bias. The textbook is about world cultures and history. The textbook introduces the idea of the global environment and the world today. The subsequent units focus on a specific area of the world. Unit 2 focuses on Africa. Unit 3 focuses on South Asia: India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Unit 4 focuses on Southeast Asia, Australia, and Oceania. Unit 5 focuses on East Asia: China, Korea, and Japan. Unit 6 focuses on Latin America and Canada. Unit 7 focuses on the Middle East. Lastly, unit 8 focuses on Europe and the former Soviet Union. The textbook does a good job in the use of illustrations that include pictures, maps, charts, and graphs. The pictures include fine art, photographs, and cartoons that truly bring the various cultures and histories to life. Pictures of men, women, and children are used. Captions include questions that further reinforce the themes of the particular unit. The maps, charts, and graphs analyze major economic, political, and social developments. The captions once again are important because they have background information and questions to help reinforce the student’s ability to use and understand maps, charts, and graphs. The textbook offers a segment called up and close that takes an in-depth analysis of an important person or event to show how that particular thing influenced a region’s culture and history. Lastly, by dedicating a unit to every major part of the world helps eliminate any bias. Moreover, the textbook employs a variety of resources in the textbook that are beneficial to students who have different learning styles.